Aversive Training Methods inXenopus laevis: General Principles

Aversive training methods in Xenopus laevis: general principles.

Xenopus laevis is an ideal organism in which to study the mechanisms linking genetics, the embryogenesis of the central nervous system, and the generation of cognitive behavior. Frog embryos facilitate the targeting of many pathways of importance to neuroscience via pharmacological, genetic, and surgical manipulations. A limiting factor for investigations of memory and learning has been the dif...

General Principles of Psychodynamics

r sychiatry is the medical specialty that studies disorders of behavior and experience, both affective and cognitive. Like other branches of medicine, it considers 1) the phenomenology of the normal and abnormal, 2) systems of classification and epidemiological information, 3) etiology, 4) diagnosis, and 5) prevention and treatment. Because human behavior is complex, psychiatry draws on many fi...

General Principles of Pharmacology

1. Progress in Therapeutics 3 Robert E. Stitzel and Joseph J. McPhillips 2. Mechanisms of Drug Action 10 William W. Fleming 3. Drug Absorption and Distribution 20 Timothy S. Tracy 4. Metabolism and Excretion of Drugs •• Timothy S. Tracy 5. Pharmacokinetics •• Timothy S. Tracy 6. Drug Metabolism and Disposition in Pediatric and Gerontological Stages of Life •• Jeane McCarthy 7. Principles of Tox...

Hepatitis: general principles.

After completing this article, readers should be able to: 1. Describe the procedure and interpretation of the laboratory evaluation of hepatitis. 2. Recognize the signs and symptoms of acute and chronic hepatitis.3. Describe the immediate and long-term complications of hepatitis. 4. List the multiple causes of hepatitis in an older child.

Principles of General Physiology